In this lesson you will learn what is the difference between HTML and XHTML and which is better? and when to use them? and what are the benefit of using each of them.
Fore Visual Explain You Could Watch This Video:
XHTML
- Stands for EXtensible HyperText Markup Language
- Also almost identical to HTML
- It is stricter than HTML
- Also XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application
- And is supported by all major browsers
Reason to Use XHTML
Many pages on the internet contain “bad” HTML so that content could not be valid for all browsers, because some browsers do not support that bad HTML.
The following example is not valid xhml code but in HTML it could work perfect but not recommended to forget closing tags.
Example:
<html>
<head>
<title>Bad HTML code</title>
<body>
<h1>Bad HTML Header
<p>This is a bad paragraph
</body> The Most Important Differences from HTML:
Document Structure
- XHTML DOCTYPE is mandatory
- The xmlns attribute in <html> is mandatory
- <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> are mandatory
XHTML Elements
- Firstly XHTML elements must be properly nested
- Also XHTML elements must always be closed
- And XHTML elements must be in lowercase
- Finally XHTML documents must have one root element
XHTML Attributes
- The attribute names must be in lower case
- Also attribute values must be quoted
- In the other hand, attribute minimization is forbidden
Elements in XHML Must BE Nested
in HTML, we could have some tags improperly nested within each other.
Example:
<b><i>This text is bold and italic</b></i> In XHTML tags must be properly nested, or it will show errors.
Example:
<b><i>This text is bold and italic</i></b> Elements in XHTML Must Be Closed
For Example: This example shows errors.
<p>This is a paragraph <br>
<p>This is another paragraph But this example is true.
Example:
<p>This is a paragraph</p> <br/>
<p>This is another paragraph</p> Note: You should even close the empty XHTML element.
Elements & Attributes in XHTML Must Be In Lower Case
Example:
<BODY>
<P width="100%">This is a paragraph</P>
</BODY> Note: Even the attributes must be in lower case.
XHTML Attribute Values Must Be Quoted
Wrong Example:
<table width=100%> Correct Example:
<table width="100%"> Minimization in XHTML Is Forbidden
Wrong Example:
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="car" checked />Correct Example:
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="car" checked="checked" /> Convert from HTML to XHTML
First add an XHTML <!DOCTYPE> to the first line of every page
Then add an xmlns attribute to the html element of every page
After that change all element names to lowercase
Next, close all empty elements
Then change all attribute names to lowercase
Finally Quote all attribute values
This post is one of the HTML5 for deep understanding course. where we will learn every common elements from basic to the advanced element.
In addition each lesson has a video which you could visit and watch for more practicing and for deep understanding.
We hope that we could give the best for you and for the deep and easy understanding.
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References: w3schools.com
